Referent identification is the process of identifying the object(s) in the internal model to which a phrase refers.
Paul and Henry carry a sack on a pole. If the load is 0.5 m from Paul, what force does each boy support?
load is not a synonym for sack; instead, it describes the role played by the sack in this context.
Unification of Paul and Henry with each boy conveys new information about the ages of Paul and Henry.
the left end ... the other end
the 100 lb boy
the heavy end